Chen Changsheng, Deputy Director of the State Council Research Office: Currently, the ratio of supply and demand for technical talents in the robotics industry is 5.2:1, with a large talent gap.

Chen Changsheng, a member of the drafting team of the Government Work Report and Deputy Director of the State Council Research Office, responded at a press conference on March 5 that this year's Government Work Report still places great importance on employment, listing stable employment as the top priority among the "Four Stabilities". A series of policy measures have been proposed, mainly focusing on total employment, structural employment, and targeted groups. Structurally, the focus is on promoting matching. It is known that the current employment situation has more prominent structural issues, mainly two types of mismatches. One is the mismatch of skills. Many industries are developing rapidly, but the skills of many workers do not match the development of the industry. For example, based on some market data, there are many job openings in the field of artificial intelligence technology, but the supply of talent is limited, with a demand-supply ratio of 3.5:1; the demand-supply ratio for new energy technology engineers is 5.1:1, and for the robotic industry, it is 5.2:1, indicating a large gap. To solve the problem of skill mismatch, it is crucial to strengthen education and training. In the short term, it is essential to enhance industry-enterprise cooperation, conduct targeted skills training, and establish a number of public training bases. This year, the government aims to subsidize skills training for over 10 million people. Optimizing the disciplines of universities to better meet actual needs, deploying the "Emergency Discipline Layout Action" to promote the resolution of skill mismatches. Another issue is the mismatch of employment willingness. Many manufacturing industries, as well as household services such as housekeeping and elderly care, have a large number of job vacancies, but due to reasons such as salary, growth opportunities, or job recognition, the supply of talent is insufficient. For example, in the household service industry, calculations suggest a shortfall of over 20 million people. This year, measures will be introduced where the household service industry, which was primarily based on intermediaries, will actively promote the transition from an intermediary system to an employee system, making household service personnel formal employees. This will increase job stability and establish responsibility mechanisms, with increased efforts in policies such as tax incentives and training subsidies.