After being elected, Germany faced three major challenges in forming a cabinet: the far-right claimed 20% of the votes, economic obstacles, and pressure from the United States and Russia.

Germany is about to enter a new political chapter, with Friedrich Merz as the most likely candidate for the next Chancellor, planning to start forming a coalition government on Monday. In the election, Merz's conservative party successfully won the national election, while both far-right and far-left parties also gained significant support amidst growing public discontent. Although Merz lacks experience in governing, Germany faces multiple challenges: as the largest economy in Europe, Germany's economic development is facing bottlenecks; social issues related to immigration have caused divisions; and security needs to find a balance in the complex game between the US, Russia, and China. After the collapse of the three-party alliance led by former Chancellor Olaf Scholz due to lack of popularity among the people, the far-right Alternative for Germany party (AfD) rose unexpectedly in the elections, historically jumping to second place, paving a challenging path of alliance negotiations for the 69-year-old Merz. After his victory, Merz quickly showed his policy inclinations by openly criticizing the "extremely rude" remarks by the US during the campaign, and comparing them to hostile actions by Russia, emphasizing: "For me, the top priority is to accelerate Europe's self-reliance, with the aim of gradually reducing dependence on the US." According to preliminary statistics, Merz's conservative alliance led with 28.6% of the vote, followed closely by the AfD with 20.8% of the vote, marking the party's best election result. However, as the AfD is monitored by security agencies due to its extremist tendencies, mainstream parties have explicitly refused to cooperate with them, despite receiving support from some American figures, including billionaire Elon Musk. Therefore, Merz must turn to difficult negotiations with the center-left Social Democratic Party (SPD) led by Scholz to form a coalition government. Given the fierce policy clashes between the two sides during the election, the negotiation process is expected to last for several months. It is worth mentioning that the new party BSW founded by former Left Party leader Sahra Wagenknecht failed to cross the 5% threshold needed to enter the federal parliament, meaning that Merz can ensure a parliamentary majority without seeking the support of the Green Party when forming a government.