The International Court of Justice has systematically interpreted the legal responsibilities of countries in addressing climate change.

On July 23, the International Court of Justice at the United Nations in The Hague, the Netherlands, announced its advisory opinion on the obligations of countries to address climate change. The court emphasized that climate change is an urgent and existential threat. The opinion stated that countries should make the greatest possible efforts within the bounds of the law to avoid irreversible climate damage. It also noted that greenhouse gas emissions are undoubtedly caused by human activities and have transboundary impacts. This is the first time a global international judicial institution has provided a systematic interpretation of the legal responsibilities of countries in addressing climate change, marking a milestone.