Blackberry: Software is a key limiting factor in the promotion of physical AI.

BlackBerry stated that the main bottleneck in deploying more autonomous machines with AI functionality is currently software, not hardware. The company's QNX division, which provides real-time operating systems, released its own research report, which stated that 89% of robot developers have explicitly included physical AI in their roadmap, yet 91% of developers are still running real-time or highly secure workloads on general-purpose operating systems. BlackBerry said that as robots enter human environments, this mismatch is becoming more urgent, with reliability and certification requirements crucial in these environments. The company stated that two-thirds of teams reported delays related to the certification process, and only 29% of teams felt "very confident" in their ability to make secure and predictable decisions in real-world environments.