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The debt financing boom to raise funds for AI infrastructure construction is pitting governments and tech giants against each other in a battle for capital. Bank of America strategists say this trend is driving up borrowing costs for developing countries, whose bond yields are already under upward pressure from geopolitical concerns, high oil prices and rising policy rates. Since the second half of this year, the average yield on emerging-market dollar bonds has surged by nearly 1 percentage point, reaching its highest level since April last year. Institutional data shows that in the second half of this year alone, just two tech giants, Amazon and Google parent Alphabet Inc., have issued debt totaling the equivalent of about $70 billion. By comparison, international bond issuance by emerging-market sovereign borrowers has halved to $45 billion since July 1, down from $91 billion a year earlier. Among them, bond issuance by investment-grade emerging-market countries fell 56% to $29 billion.
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