Release of Major Scientific Issues, Engineering Technology Challenges, and Industrial Technology Issues in 2026.

At the main forum of the 28th China Association for Science and Technology Annual Meeting held on July 15, the China Association for Science and Technology released major scientific issues, engineering technical challenges, and industrial technological issues for 2026. 10 cutting-edge scientific issues: Hodge Conjecture; magnetic confinement nuclear fusion plasma; evolution mechanism of electrolyte microenvironment; mechanism of regional differentiation and systemic evolution between humans and nature; research on the interaction mechanism between urban green spaces and human health; measurement and evolution of embodied autonomous intelligence; first principles and mesoscale implementation mechanism of quasi-biological computing paradigm; exploration of the mechanism of constructing an intelligent body network for 6G communication with "AI+"; bio-inspired organ chips using biological tissue; correlation between Alzheimer's disease and changes in brain lymphatics and lymphatic circulation dynamics. 10 engineering technical challenges: research on key technologies for intelligent perception in deep-sea environments; test and application of new type of mobile platform for extreme weather disaster star-earth-space synergy observation in high-end equipment; life prediction and life control of key high-polymer materials in high-end equipment; construction technology of space computing center; scenario-driven full sensory interconnection; key technologies for safe and efficient mining in coal mines over a thousand kilometers deep; autonomous detection and operation technology for space embodied intelligent robots driven by large models; AI-driven precise design of nutritional functional factors and intelligent manufacturing of functional foods; high-fidelity simulation driven by whole-brain fine structure; construction of holographic digital simulation dynamic human body model. 10 industrial technological issues: key technologies for industrializing new generation of rapid intelligent mineral exploration equipment in a complex international environment; efficient and low-cost intelligent manufacturing technology for giant constellation commercial satellites; intelligent control of heterogeneous and decentralized flexibility resources in new power systems; paradigm shift in resilient design of digital system networks in the AI era; light-weight direct current transmission industrialization for high-capacity offshore wind power in deep-sea areas; industrialization of aviation electric propulsion systems for low altitude economy and airworthiness system construction; key technology system for climate-resilient agriculture; upgrading of the entire chain of microbial pesticides driven by synthetic biology; drug development with multi-target systemic regulation and intervention functions; improving the quality of Chinese medicinal materials through research on plant metabolic cooperation mechanisms.