"Top 10 scientific advancements in China for the year 2025 released"

The Chang'e 6 sample first reveals the evolutionary history of the far side of the moon and the effects of giant impacts, innovative methods achieve large-scale preparation of flexible ultra-flat diamond films, controllable nuclear fusion scientific apparatus achieves "billion-degree" operation... On March 25, the National Natural Science Foundation of China announced at the 2026 Zhongguancun Forum Annual Meeting the "Top 10 Scientific Advances in China in 2025". These selected advances also include: the discovery of the role of neuroamide receptors and microbial regulators in cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, breakthrough in cross-species organ transplantation with gene-edited pig liver implantation in humans, analysis and multidimensional targeted intervention of the inflammatory aging mechanism, discovery of flourishing chemotrophic synthetic biological communities at the deepest depths of the abyssal trench, full-functionality 2D semiconductor/silicon-based hybrid architecture hetero-integrated flash memory chips, achieving thorium-uranium nuclear fuel conversion based on molten salt reactors, and the creation of a new interface regulation method for high-performance flexible layered solar cells for aerospace applications.